What is the technology process of oil and gas engineering
Oil is important to every country's economy and many countries are actively exploiting the oil. So what is the technology process of oil and gas engineering now?
Logging engineering
Logging engineering is mainly used to check the quality of cementing, casing corrosion, deformation, rupture, fracturing effect, the location and quality of perforation, etc., which provides reliable information for the further implement various operational measures. It’s generally divided into four steps: find leakage, evaluate the effect of acid fracturing operation, evaluate the quality of well cementing, casing quality evaluation. At the same time, there are many verification methods, well thermometer method, isotope tracing method, boron neutron lifetime log, feed gas lift method and so on.
Drilling engineering
The second process is drilling engineering, which has a very important position in the exploitation of oil and gas fields and need professional OCTG products. Drilling engineering is using mechanical equipment to drill into the formation of a certain depth, which forming cylindrical hole during the process. According to the rock crushing method and the type of tool, it can be divided into dayton drill and rotary drill.
Dayton drill, is also known as impact drill. Drill bit is sent to the bottom by a steel wire rope, driven by the power beam mechanism, so that one end of the beam beam up and down movement, make the rock broken. But impact drill is slow and inefficient, and it can not adapt to the well depth increasing and complex formation drilling requirements. However, the device has the advantages of simple equipment, low cost, no pollution to the oil layer, etc.. So it can be used for some low pressure oil and gas wells.
A rotary drill breaks a rock by cutting or grinding it as rotating. It’s currently the most common drilling method. Compare with dayton drill, the speed of rotary drill is quicker, and easy to deal with well collapse, blowout and other complex situations. According to power transmission, rotary drilling can be divided into rotary drilling and underground power drill.
Drilling projects often accounts for more than 50% of the total investment in many times. What’s more, the exploit of an oil and gas field needs to hit hundred or even thousand wells. The pollution of oil and gas reservoir in well drilling engineering should be reduced to the minimum. Only in this way can we take the path of sustainable development. So it’s vital to improve the drilling technology and management, improve the drilling speed, reduce the cost of drilling.
Oil extraction engineering
The third is the oil extraction engineering, this process is to extract the oil and gas in the wells from the bottom to the wellhead. It is a study to use reservoir economically and effectively so that improve the oil well production and oil recovery.
Oil and gas gathering and transportation engineering
Gathering oil, gas, and other products produced by scattered oil wells, after the necessary treatment and initial processing, qualified oil and natural gas is transported to refineries and gas users. The whole technology process is called oil and gas gathering and transportation, which includes oil and gas separation, oil and gas measurement, crude oil dehydration, natural gas purification, crude oil stability, light hydrocarbon recovery and other technology processes.
